Exam ISTQB CT-AI Objectives Pdf | New CT-AI Study Notes

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ISTQB CT-AI Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Topic 1	Testing AI-Specific Quality Characteristics: In this section, the topics covered are about the challenges in testing created by the self-learning of AI-based systems.
Topic 2	Neural Networks and Testing: This section of the exam covers defining the structure and function of a neural network including a DNN and the different coverage measures for neural networks.
Topic 3	Test Environments for AI-Based Systems: This section is about factors that differentiate the test environments for AI-based
Topic 4	Methods and Techniques for the Testing of AI-Based Systems: In this section, the focus is on explaining how the testing of ML systems can help prevent adversarial attacks and data poisoning.
Topic 5	Quality Characteristics for AI-Based Systems: This section covers topics covered how to explain the importance of flexibility and adaptability as characteristics of AI-based systems and describes the vitality of managing evolution for AI-based systems. It also covers how to recall the characteristics that make it difficult to use AI-based systems in safety-related applications.
Topic 6	systems from those required for conventional systems.
Topic 7	Using AI for Testing: In this section, the exam topics cover categorizing the AI technologies used in software testing.
Topic 8	ML: Data: This section of the exam covers explaining the activities and challenges related to data preparation. It also covers how to test datasets create an ML model and recognize how poor data quality can cause problems with the resultant ML model.
Topic 9	ML Functional Performance Metrics: In this section, the topics covered include how to calculate the ML functional performance metrics from a given set of confusion matrices.
Topic 10	Machine Learning ML: This section includes the classification and regression as part of supervised learning, explaining the factors involved in the selection of ML algorithms, and demonstrating underfitting and overfitting.
Topic 11	Introduction to AI: This exam section covers topics such as the AI effect and how it influences the definition of AI. It covers how to distinguish between narrow AI, general AI, and super AI; moreover, the topics covered include describing how standards apply to AI-based systems.

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ISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing Exam Sample Questions (Q60-Q65):

NEW QUESTION # 60
A word processing company is developing an automatic text correction tool. A machine learning algorithm was used to develop the auto text correction feature. The testers have discovered when they start typing "Isle of Wight" it fills in "Isle of Eight". Several UAT testers have accepted this change without noticing. What type of bias is this?

A. Complacency/Disregard
B. Automation/Complacency
C. Geographical/Locality
D. Ignorance/Cognitive

Answer: B

Explanation:
Automation bias, also known as complacency bias, occurs when humans over-rely on automated systems and fail to question or validate the system's output. In this scenario, the auto-text correction feature of the word processing tool incorrectly suggests "Isle of Eight" instead of "Isle of Wight." The issue arises because multiple UAT testers accept the incorrect suggestion without noticing it, demonstrating a reliance on the AI- based system rather than their own judgment.
Automation bias is commonly seen in:
* Text correction systems, where users accept incorrect suggestions without verifying them.
* Medical diagnosis AI tools, where doctors may rely too much on AI recommendations.
* Autonomous driving systems, where drivers become overly dependent on automation and fail to react in critical situations.
* Section 7.4 - Testing for Automation Bias in AI-Based Systemsexplains that automation bias occurs when people accept AI-generated outputs without verifying them, often leading to incorrect decisions.
Reference from ISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing Study Guide:

NEW QUESTION # 61
Which ONE of the following tests is LEAST likely to be performed during the ML model testing phase?
SELECT ONE OPTION

A. Testing the speed of the training of the model.
B. Testing the speed of the prediction by the model.
C. Testing the accuracy of the classification model.
D. Testing the API of the service powered by the ML model.

Answer: A

Explanation:
The question asks which test is least likely to be performed during the ML model testing phase. Let's consider each option:
* Testing the accuracy of the classification model (A): Accuracy testing is a fundamental part of the ML model testing phase. It ensures that the model correctly classifies the data as intended and meets the required performance metrics.
* Testing the API of the service powered by the ML model (B): Testing the API is crucial, especially if the ML model is deployed as part of a service. This ensures that the service integrates well with other systems and that the API performs as expected.
* Testing the speed of the training of the model (C): This is least likely to be part of the ML model testing phase. The speed of training is more relevant during the development phase when optimizing and tuning the model. During testing, the focus is more on the model's performance and behavior rather than how quickly it was trained.
* Testing the speed of the prediction by the model (D): Testing the speed of prediction is important to ensure that the model meets performance requirements in a production environment, especially for real- time applications.
References:
* ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus Section 3.2 on ML Workflow and Section 5 on ML Functional Performance Metrics discuss the focus of testing during the model testing phase, which includes accuracy and prediction speed but not the training speed.

NEW QUESTION # 62
Which of the following is a problem with AI-generated test cases that are generated from the requirements?

A. They are usually missing the expected results, so verification is difficult or must resort to only detecting significant failures.
B. They are defect prone because they are unable to detect nuances in the requirements.
C. They make debugging more complicated because the number of steps is usually high in order to induce the target failure.
D. They are slow and will usually not be able to execute in the time allowed.

Answer: A

Explanation:
AI-generated test cases are often created using machine learning (ML) models or heuristic algorithms. While these can be effective in generating large numbers of test cases quickly, they oftensuffer from the "test oracle problem."
* Test Oracle Problem:A test oracle is the mechanism used to determine the expected output of a test case. AI-generated test cases oftenlack expected resultsbecause AI-based tools do not inherently understand what the correct output should be.
* Difficulty in Verification:Without expected results, verifying test cases becomes challenging. Testers mustrely on heuristics, anomaly detection, or significant failures, rather than traditional pass/fail conditions.
* A (Slow Execution Time):AI-generated tests are typically automated and designed for efficiency. They are not inherently slow and often executefasterthan manually written tests.
* B (Defect-Prone Due to Nuance Issues):While AI-generated tests may struggle with some complexities in requirements, they primarilylack expected results, rather than failing due to an inability to detect nuances.
* C (Complicated Debugging Due to Many Steps):AI-generated testsreducedebugging complexity by limiting the number of steps required to reproduce failures.
* ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus (Section 11.3: Using AI for Test Case Generation)
* "AI-generated test cases often lack expected results, making it difficult to verify correctness without a test oracle.".
* "Verification often relies on detecting significant failures rather than having predefined expected results.".
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:Supporting References from ISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing Study Guide:Conclusion:Since AI-generated test cases frequentlylack expected results, verification becomes difficult, requiring testers tofocus on major failuresrather than precise pass/fail conditions. Thus, thecorrect answer is D.

NEW QUESTION # 63
Which of the following are the three activities in the data acquisition activities for data preparation?

A. Feature selecting, feature growing, feature augmenting
B. Identifying, gathering, labelling
C. Cleaning, transforming, augmenting
D. Building, approving, deploying

Answer: B

Explanation:
According to the ISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing (CT-AI) syllabus, data acquisition, a critical step in data preparation for machine learning (ML) workflows, consists of three key activities:
* Identification:This step involves determining the types of data required for training and prediction. For example, in a self-driving car application, data types such as radar, video, laser imaging, and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data may be identified as necessary sources.
* Gathering:After identifying the required data types, the sources from which the data will be collected are determined, along with the appropriate collection methods. An example could be gathering financial data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and integrating it into an AI-based system.
* Labeling:This process involves annotating or tagging the collected data to make it meaningful for supervised learning models. Labeling is an essential activity that helps machine learning algorithms differentiate between categories and make accurate predictions.
These activities ensure that the data is suitable for training and testing machine learning models, forming the foundation of data preparation.

NEW QUESTION # 64
Which ONE of the following options represents a technology MOST TYPICALLY used to implement Al?
SELECT ONE OPTION

A. Case control structures
B. Procedural programming
C. Search engines
D. Genetic algorithms

Answer: D

Explanation:
* Technology Most Typically Used to Implement AI: Genetic algorithms are a well-known technique used in AI . They are inspired by the process of natural selection and are used to find approximate solutions to optimization and search problems. Unlike search engines, procedural programming, or case control structures, genetic algorithms are specifically designed for evolving solutions and are commonly employed in AI implementations.
* Reference: ISTQB_CT-AI_Syllabus_v1.0, Section 1.4 AI Technologies, which identifies different technologies used to implement AI.

NEW QUESTION # 65
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Exam ISTQB CT-AI Objectives Pdf | New CT-AI Study Notes

ISTQB CT-AI Exam Syllabus Topics:

New CT-AI Study Notes & CT-AI Latest Real Exam

ISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing Exam Sample Questions (Q60-Q65):